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scold's bridle
A scold's bridle, sometimes called a brank's bridle or simply branks, was an instrument of punishment used primarily on women, as a form of torture and public humiliation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/branks )〕 The device was an iron muzzle in an iron framework that enclosed the head. A bridle-bit (or curb-plate), about 2 inches long and 1 inch broad, projected into the mouth and pressed down on top of the tongue.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://gallery.nen.gov.uk/image72332-.html )〕
The curb-plate was frequently studded with spikes, so that if the offender moved her tongue, it inflicted pain and made speaking impossible.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.walsall.gov.uk/museum_history_talk_sheds_light_on_the_scold_s_bridle.htm )〕 Wives who were seen as witches, shrews and scolds, were forced to wear the branks, locked onto their head.
== Origin and purpose ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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